FusionCharts

Till now, we've all been dealing with single series charts and dynamic creation of those charts. Here, we'll see the dynamic implementation of a multi-series chart.

Considerably, creating the XML data document for a multi-series chart requires more effort than that of a single series chart. Also, it's always recommended to use the dataURL method when working with multi-series charts, as the XML data document tends to get larger in size and as such, older versions of browsers are not very able to handle long data chunks in the same page.

In our multi-series example chart (3D Multi-series column chart), we'll creating a 3 year comparison chart for the following five countries: Austria, Brazil, France, Germany, USA. We'll sum the invoice prices for each year for each of these countries and then show in the chart. The end chart would look as under:

As you can see above, we've extracted the sum of Invoice prices for each of the 5 countries for all the 3 years. All this data is contained in a view called Invoices. The entire XML code required for the above chart is as under:

In the above XML, we first define the basic attributes (both functional and visual) of the <graph> element. Thereafter, we render the <categories> elements. Each <category> element represents a category of data (in our example it's the five countries whose data we're comparing). Post that, we render a <dataset> element each for the three years (1996, 1997, 1998). Let's now quickly code this chart in PHP using dataURL method.

As we had earlier seen, the dataURL method requires two pages:

Chart Container Page - This page contains the chart object alongwith any other HTML objects. We'll name this page as Chart.php.
Data Provider Page - This page provides the XML data required by the chart. This page is invoked by FusionCharts contained in Chart.php. We'll name this page as Data.php.

The above two are present in the downloads under the folder FusionCharts2_3 > Sample Code > DBExamples > PHP> MultiSeries.

We'll also need two other pages:

Connection_ini.php- This page contains the data connection details.
FC_Colors.php - This page contains a list of hex colors (without #) in an array named as strColor.

The above two include files are present under FusionCharts2_3 > Sample Code > DBExamples > PHP folder.

FC_Colors.php looks as under:

<?php
$strColor[0] = 'AFD8F8';
$strColor[1] = 'F6BD0F';
$strColor[2] = '8BBA00';
$strColor[3] = 'A66EDD';
$strColor[4] = 'F984A1';
$strColor[5] = 'CCCC00'; #Chrome Yellow+Green
$strColor[6] = '999999'; #Grey
$strColor[7] = '0099CC'; #Blue Shade
$strColor[8] = 'FF0000'; #Bright Red
$strColor[9] = '006F00'; #Dark Green
$strColor[10] = '0099FF'; #Blue (Light)
$strColor[11] = 'FF66CC'; #Dark Pink
$strColor[12] = '669966'; #Dirty green
$strColor[13] = '7C7CB4'; #Violet shade of blue
$strColor[14] = 'FF9933'; #Orange
$strColor[15] = '9900FF'; #Violet
$strColor[16] = '99FFCC'; #Blue+Green Light
$strColor[17] = 'CCCCFF'; #Light violet
$strColor[18] = '669900'; #Shade of green
$strColor[19] = '1941A5'; #Dark Blue
?>

Basically, this file is a list of hex colors that we'll be using for the chart. In the above list, we've stored only 20 colors. You can extend it to any number. You should note that all the above colors are without the #. We'll include this file in all our pages, where we generate the XML data for FusionCharts.

Connection_ini.php is the page which contains the database connection details. When you run the code on your machine, after downloading the package, you should ensure that this page is updated so as to reflect the connection details to your SQL server. This page looks as under:

<?php
$dsn="Northwind";
$username="sa";
$password="sa";
?>

The page Data.php is responsible for relaying virtual XML documents to the FusionCharts embedded in Chart.php. You should note that Data.php does NOT write XML data documents to the server disk physically. It relays the XML data document virtually (i.e., no XML files are created and saved on the server). The code for this page can be reproduced as under:

<?php
   //Include connection and colors file
   include '../Connection_ini.php';
   include '../FC_Colors.php';

   //Connect to the ODBC Source
   $sqlconnect=odbc_connect($dsn,$username,$password);

   //oRs - Recordset object
   //oRsYears - To store the list of years
   //strSQL - String variable to contain the SQL query
   //intCounter - Numeric value to keep a track of number of records
   //intYear - Numeric value to keep index of year

   //strXMLData - String variable to contain the entire XML data document for the chart
   //strCategories - String variable to store the <categories> element and it's child <category> elements.
   //strDataSet - String variable to store the <dataset> and <data>

   $strXMLData = "<graph caption='Country Comparison' shownames='1' showvalues='0' decimalPrecision='0' numberPrefix='$'>" . chr(13);
   $strCategories = "<categories><category name='Austria' /><category name='Brazil' /><category name='France' /><category name='Germany' /><category name='USA' /></categories>" . chr(13);
   $strDataSet = "";
   $intCounter=1;

//Generate the query to get a list of unique years
$strSQL="SELECT DISTINCT YEAR(OrderDate) As Year FROM Orders ORDER BY 1";

   //Get the list of years
   $oRsYears=odbc_exec($sqlconnect, $strSQL);
   //Initialize counter to 0
   $intCounter=0;

   //Iterate through each year to get the data for that year
   while(odbc_fetch_row($oRsYears))
   {
      //Get the year
      $intYear = odbc_result($oRsYears,"Year");
      //Generate the <dataset> string for this year.
      $strDataSet = $strDataSet . "<dataset seriesName='" . $intYear . "' color='" . $strColor[$intCounter] . "' showValues='0'>" . chr(13);
      //Generate the SQL Query to retrieve data for this year.
      $strSQL = "SELECT Country, SUM(ExtendedPrice) As Total, COUNT(DISTINCT OrderID) As orderNumber FROM Invoices WHERE Country In ('USA','Germany','Austria','Brazil','France') and DATEPART(yy,OrderDate)=" . $intYear . " GROUP BY Country ORDER BY Country";
      //Retrieve the recordset
      $oRs=odbc_exec($sqlconnect, $strSQL);
      while(odbc_fetch_row($oRs)) {
         //Now generate the <set> elements for this dataset in the format <set value='xxxx' />
         $strDataSet = $strDataSet . "<set value='" . odbc_result($oRs,"Total") . "' />" . chr(13);
      }
      $strDataSet = $strDataSet . "</dataset>" . chr(13);
      //Increment the counter
      $intCounter=$intCounter + 1;
   }
   //Generate the XML document by concatenating the strings we've generated. Also, close the <graph> element.
   $strXMLData = $strXMLData . $strCategories . $strDataSet . "</graph>";

//Write the XML data to output stream
echo($strXMLData);
?>

In the above code, we're doing the following:

We first initialize two recordset objects namely oRs and oRsYears. oRs would be to retrieve the invoice prices data from the database and oRsYears would be used to retrieve the list of unique years present in the database.
Next, we initialize a few string variables which would be used to contain the XML data. strXMLData will be used to contain the entire XML data document for the chart. strCategories will be used to store the <categories> element and it's child <category> elements. strDataSet will be used to store the <dataset> and <set> elements.
We initialize the <graph> and the <categories> elements. Since we already know that we're comparing data for 5 years, we've hard-coded our category names (and consecutive XML elements) in this example. In dynamic examples, you can use this variable to concatenate and store x-axis names retrieved from the database (we've done this in our next example - Combination Chart Example).
We now retrieve the list of unique years from the database and interate through each of them
For each year, we first generate the <dataset> element and store it in strDataSet variable. The seriesname attribute of each <dataset> is set to the year for which we'll be retrieving data.
We now retrieve the data for each of the countries, for this year, and generate the <set> element (in the format <set value='xxxx' />) for each one of them.
Finally, we close all the open elements in the XML data document (like <dataset> and <graph>) using simple string concatenation.
In the end, we just write this XML data document to the output stream.

When you try viewing this page individually in the browser you'll get the XML output which we had earlier seen. You should always make sure, that while using dataURL method, your dataURL script should output just XML data and no HTML tags.

Let's now shift our attention to Chart.php and see the code it contains to embed the chart.

Chart.php contains the following code:

<%@ Language=VBScript %>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>FusionCharts</TITLE>
<LINK REL='Stylesheet' HREF='../Style.css'>
</HEAD>

<table width="500" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" class="tableWithBorder" align='center'>
   <tr>
      <td valign="top">
         <table width="98%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" align='center'>
         <tr>
            <td>
               <div align="center" class="text">
                  <OBJECT classid="clsid:D27CDB6E-AE6D-11cf-96B8-444553540000" codebase="http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/
flash/swflash.cab#version=6,0,0,0" WIDTH="450" HEIGHT="300" id="FusionCharts" ALIGN="">
                  <PARAM NAME="FlashVars" value="&dataURL=Data.php">
                  <PARAM NAME=movie VALUE="../../../Charts/FC_2_3_MSColumn3D.swf?chartWidth=450&chartHeight=300">
                  <PARAM NAME=quality VALUE=high>
                  <PARAM NAME=bgcolor VALUE=#FFFFFF>
                  <EMBED src="../../../Charts/FC_2_3_MSColumn3D.swf?chartWidth=450&chartHeight=300" FlashVars="&dataURL=Data.php" quality=high bgcolor=#FFFFFF WIDTH="450" HEIGHT="300" NAME="FusionCharts" ALIGN="" TYPE="application/x-shockwave-flash" PLUGINSPAGE="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></EMBED>
                  </OBJECT>
               </div>
            </td>
         </tr>
         </table>
      </td>
   </tr>
</table>
<p align="center" class="text">©All Rights Reserved - InfoSoft Global Private Limited - 2005 - <a href="http://www.InfoSoftGlobal.com" target="_blank">www.InfoSoftGlobal.com</a></p>
</BODY></html>

Here, in the above code, we're simply embedding the 3D Multi-series Column Chart and specifying its dataURL as Data.php. When you now view Chart.php, you'll get the following chart: